Peacham is a town in Caledonia County, Vermont, United States. The population was 715 at the 2020 census. In 1763, Governor Benning Wentworth of New Hampshire gave a charter for the region to a group of proprietors, and the town was given the name Peacham. The original proprietors were speculators who surveyed the town, laid a few rudim…Peacham is a town in Caledonia County, Vermont, United States. The population was 715 at the 2020 census. In 1763, Governor Benning Wentworth of New Hampshire gave a charter for the region to a group of proprietors, and the town was given the name Peacham. The original proprietors were speculators who surveyed the town, laid a few rudimentary roads, and divided it into lots, though the territory remained unsettled for some time.